Master exam - 03

Master’s Degrees— How to answer the exam

          Linguistics and Advanced English Studies

                                                        Exam 3

1. For Chomsky, a language is a "set of sentences" and a grammar is a "device that generates all of the grammatical sequences [of that language] and none of the ungrammatical ones." (Chomsky, 1957:13). Say how grammar generates the strings of words that constitute a language.

-----Explain Chomsky's theory of generative grammar, focusing on how it produces valid sentences. Discuss concepts such as syntax rules, phrase structure rules, and transformations. Illustrate how these rules help form correct sentences while excluding incorrect ones.

2. The most mundane function of language is to transmit information. However, language is also used to access knowledge, accomplish goals, comprehend, and communicate social relationships. Give a brief account of the basic functions to which language is put.

-----Describe the various purposes of language beyond simple information exchange. Highlight functions like expressing identity, creating social bonds, influencing others, and organizing thoughts. Use examples to show how language operates in these different roles.